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Full stack and AI solutions engineer. I build software and automation that make businesses run faster, and write about the engineering behind it.

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The blog

Thoughts on building software

Long form thinking on architecture, debugging, AI in production, and the messy intersection of code and business. The trade-offs, failures, and decisions that do not fit into tutorials.

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Split a Monolith Only When You Actually Need To
Software Architecture & Scaling12 min read3 weeks ago

Split a Monolith Only When You Actually Need To

Microservices sound like the grown-up choice, so teams split too early and inherit a distributed mess. This guide covers the real cost of splitting a monolith, the modular monolith that is usually the smarter default, when you genuinely need to split, and how.

microservicesmonolithmodular monolith+5 more
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Showing 10 of 30 articles
An AI voice agent that answers your calls so you never miss a customer
AI Development · 9 min read
2 months ago

An AI voice agent that answers your calls so you never miss a customer

Every missed call can be a lost customer, and voicemail rarely gets returned. This guide explains how an AI voice agent answers every call, books appointments, and hands urgent calls to a human, plus how your developers can build one step by step.

customer servicespeech to textconversational ai+5 more
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Prevent Duplicate Payments: A Developer's Guide
Backend Engineering · 10 min read
2 months ago

Prevent Duplicate Payments: A Developer's Guide

Duplicate charges are one of the most damaging bugs in any checkout, and the code usually looks correct. This guide explains why duplicate payments happen and shows you, step by step with code, how to prevent duplicate payments on any stack.

idempotencyprevent duplicate paymentswebhooks+2 more
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How I Built an AI Document Assistant for a Client
AI Development · 10 min read
2 months ago

How I Built an AI Document Assistant for a Client

A client's property team spent hours every day hunting through leases and policies to answer simple questions. Here is the real story, with full code, of how I built an AI document assistant that answers from their own files in seconds, with sources.

private aiai document assistantllm for business+5 more
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How I Shipped Production-Ready AI Agents for a Client
AI Development · 7 min read
2 months ago

How I Shipped Production-Ready AI Agents for a Client

A client's support agent worked perfectly in the demo, then refunded three customers twice in its first week. Here is how I turned that flaky prototype into production-ready AI agents using idempotency, validation, guardrails, and full observability.

production engineeringai agentsagentic workflows+5 more
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Why Most Next.js Apps Become Slow Over Time
Frontend Engineering · 8 min read
5 months ago

Why Most Next.js Apps Become Slow Over Time

Many Next.js apps start fast but degrade over time. This guide explains real Next.js performance optimization techniques to fix server components and data fetching issues in production.

react server componentsjavascript performanceperformance optimization+5 more
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Why Most AI Automation Pipelines Break in Production - The AI Workflows with n8n and OpenAI Architecture That Actually Works
AI Development · 9 min read
5 months ago

Why Most AI Automation Pipelines Break in Production - The AI Workflows with n8n and OpenAI Architecture That Actually Works

Many AI automations work in demos but collapse in real systems. This article explains why most pipelines fail and how AI workflows with n8n and OpenAI create a reliable automation architecture.

openai architectureai automation pipelinesai orchestration+5 more
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AI Agents vs AI Workflows Architecture Step by Step Guide
AI Development · 9 min read
5 months ago

AI Agents vs AI Workflows Architecture Step by Step Guide

Many AI products fail not because of poor models, but because of poor architecture decisions. This guide explains the real difference between AI agents vs AI workflows, and how to design scalable AI systems that work reliably in production.

ai orchestrationai architectureai agents+5 more
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How a Hidden N+1 Query Slowed API by 6x and the Exact Steps I Used to Fix It
Backend Engineering · 17 min read
5 months ago

How a Hidden N+1 Query Slowed API by 6x and the Exact Steps I Used to Fix It

The API wasn’t crashing. Nothing looked broken. But production response times quietly became six times slower. This is a real-world breakdown of how a hidden N+1 query slipped through reviews, how I proved it in Laravel, and the exact steps that fixed it permanently.

database optimizationlaravelorm optimization+3 more
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How I Built an AI-Assisted Log Analysis System to Catch Production Issues Before Users Did
Backend Engineering · 9 min read
5 months ago

How I Built an AI-Assisted Log Analysis System to Catch Production Issues Before Users Did

Logs were there. Alerts were there. Incidents still slipped through. This guide explains how I combined traditional logging with AI-driven pattern analysis to proactively detect production issues and reduce firefighting.

ai observabilitybackend performancesystem design+2 more
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Building Production-Ready AI Workflows with n8n, OpenAI, and Vector Databases
AI Development · 8 min read
5 months ago

Building Production-Ready AI Workflows with n8n, OpenAI, and Vector Databases

Many teams build AI features but struggle to turn them into reliable automation systems. This guide explains how to design production AI workflows with n8n, OpenAI, and vector databases to automate real business operations efficiently.

ai automation pipelinesai architectureai workflows+5 more
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